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高考英语短文常考的热点难点
一、一致性问题
1.主谓一致
1)What are your favourite sport？(’97) is这是对疑问句主谓一致的考查。
2) Play football not only makes us grow up tall…(’98)Playing动词原形加-ing构成动名词形式，与谓语动词makes一致。
3)Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.(2000)are主语为复数概念“我的照片和奖牌”。
2.时态一致
1)It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.
(’96)drive 连词and连接的是两个并列的动作meet和drive。
2)They offered me coffee and other drinks. We have a good time talking and laughing.
(’96)had 整篇文章记述过去发生的事情，用的是过去时。
3)Hello，I learn about you from my English teacher，…(’97)learned 从教师那儿知道，是过去发生的行为，故须用过去时。
4)My favourite sport is football.I was a member of our school football team.(’98)am整篇文章描述现在的情况，用的是一般现在时。此句也应改为一般现在时。
5)…not only makes us…but also give us a sense of fair play…(’98)gives“not only…”连接的应是两个相等的成份，用第三人称单数。
6)I am happy with any programme but the others spent a lot of time arguing…(’99)was此句描述的是过去的事情，且下句也是用的过去时，故要改为was。
7)I remembered her words and calm down.(2000)calmed 连词and连接两个相等的成份。
3.名词的单复数一致
1)…and asked me lots of question.(’96)questions “question”为可数名词，用在lots of后面，应加-s。
2)We study quite a few subject，such as maths，…(’97)subjects A few后面应跟可数名词的复数形式。
3)…and often watch football match on TV…(’98)matches 经常观看足球赛，足球赛应为复数形式。
4)She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success，…(2000)schoolmates 此处同学为复数概念，应加上-s。
4.代词的性、数一致
1)The Smiths did his best to make me feel…(’96)their 主语The Smiths用以指代一家人或夫妇俩，后面的代词应该用their。
2)And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the games.(’98)we 全文谈论的都是“我们”的事，此处也应一致。
3)Some wanted to see the programme while others preferred another.(’99)one 此句考查表示三者以上的代词搭配one…another。
4)The day before the speech contest English teacher…(2000)my 可数名词前通常要加修饰语。此句虽然有English，但指代不明。根据上下文，加上my比较贴切。
5.语意一致
She was smiling but nodding at me.(2000)and 微笑和点头在语意上是并列的关系。
二、词义的重叠
1.Today I visited the Smiths———my first time visit to…(’96)这一题是考查英汉不同的表达习惯。汉语的“第一次访问”，英语说my first visit即可，time是多余的。
2.First，let me tell you something more about myself.(’97)因为是头一次交朋友，以前并不了解，无所谓“更多”。more明显是多余的。
3.Now I can’t watch much television but a few years ago I used to watch it every night…and there was no way of settling the matter except by selling the set.(’99)此题难度较大。它在语义上出现重叠，但答案一直到短文最后一句才出现。电视机既已卖掉，就不可能再看了，更不可能看“很多”。故要去掉much。
4.Whenever I see them I often think of my English teacher.(2000)此题易受汉语的影响，造成语意上的重叠。“每当我看见它们，我总会想起我的英语教师。”但英语中whenever之后一般不用often。
三、逻辑关系
I live in Beijing，where is the capital of China.(’97)which 考查定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的用法。此处where应改为which，因为它在定语从句中作主语。
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