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张培基英译散文赏析之《西欧的夏天》
| 译文摘自张培基《英译中国散文选二》
要点
:
1,“旅客似乎是十分轻松的人,实际上却相当辛苦。”译为Light-hearted as he seems,a traveler is in fact under great stress.其中“轻松的“还可译为jiyous joyful cheerful等,但Light-hearted有carefree (无忧无虑)的含义,更加贴合语境,”辛苦“此处即”处于紧张状态“译为under great stress.与前面的Light-hearted形成对比~还要注意本句用第三人称he来代指“旅客”拉近了与读者的距离~
2,“旅客不用上班”意即“旅客在度假”或“即使是在假期”译为Though on vacation/vacationing~比直译为though he doesn’t go to work 确切
3,” 爱做什么就做什么,却必须受钱包的限制”译为He can do whatever he likes on the trip, but he has to keep the expenditure within the limits of his pocket,“受…的限制”=within the limitation of…
4,”蜗牛壳一般“译者只取其本质含义译为cumbersome,简洁生动~
5,“沦为来历不明的乞丐“译为which will reduce himself to a pauper of unknown background.其中reduce to 我们在《我坐了木船》等文中见过无数次了,此处重点看”来历不明“的译法除了译为…of unknown background以外,还可译为unidentifiable …
综述 :本段值得注意的是:原文连续用三个排比句说明了旅客在旅行中会遇到的限制。译文没有完全按照同等的排比结构进行翻译 ,而是将三个排比句译成了三个单句 ,均 用 “ he ”作主语。避免句式重复,也使译文和原文在结构和内容上都做到了基本对应。
要点
:
1,“寒暑不侵“即”对各种天气都不在乎了“或”适应了各种天气“,译为I’ve become apathetic to the elements或be indifferent to the change of weather
2,” 中世纪古堡改装的旅馆”译为a medieval castle turned hotel,turned 是不及物动词turn的过去分词,用作adj
3,“刚刚黎明“译为The day is just dawning. dawn原来也可以用作动词~意为”开始;破晓,天亮“如:The morning dawn fresh and clear after the storm.
The next day dawn somber and gloomy
4,”湿灰灰的云下是苏格兰中部荒莽的林木,林外是隐隐的青山”译为In Central Scotland, there lies under the gray wet clouds a wild wooded region, beyond which a green mountain stands faintly visible.这两个分句出现两个主语,修饰成分较多,乍看比较混乱,但略作分析便可明了“树林“是核心词,应做主语;”湿灰灰的云下“”苏格兰中部“作状语,分别译为In Central Scotland和under the gray wet clouds,分置于句首和句中;”林外是隐隐的青山“译为定从,后置,即beyond which a green mountain stands faintly visible
5,厚达尺许(即一尺左右)= one foot on thickness
晓寒袭人(即早上的空气很冷)= In the chilly air of the early morning
6,“走下回旋长梯像走下古堡之肠“用as或like直接翻译略显冗杂,译者直接将”古堡之肠“转译为”回旋长梯“的同位语,精简了句式,也传达了原文的意思~
7,“野径“一般意为”人迹稀少的小路“或”冷清的小路“,译为an unfrequented path
“寻幽“即”寻找宁静的美景“译为in search of secluded places of quiet beauty
综述
:
本段要注意“晓寒袭人,我坐在厚达尺许的石墙里,穿了一件毛衣“很容易译为散句,译者译为In the chilly air of the early morning, I have to be dressed in a woolen sweater while sitting on a stone wall one foot on thickness.避免了这点
要点
:
1,“从台湾的定义讲来“即”以台湾的标准“译为By Taiwan standards,
2,“汗流浃背“= copious perspiration(大量的汗珠)
3,” 昼蝉夜蛙”意即“白天能听到蝉叫,晚上能听到蛙鸣“此处译者为了句式一致,将其名词化译为“白天的蝉鸣和夜里的蛙鸣“= daytime chirping(啁啾声)of cicadas and nightly croaking(哇哇声) of frogs,使得句式更加简洁,此外拟声词的运用也为译文增色不少
4,“只觉得温暧舒适,并不出汗“因果关系~
5,“例皆不备冷气“意为”都没装空调“,故译为are usually not air-conditioned,其中”没装空调“译者灵活滴将”装空调“转为be done的形式,后面又出现的” 均无冷气“译为no air-conditioning,这里的air-conditioning作名词”空调系统“或”空调设备“讲~
综述 :注意第五点省去动词的译法~
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