12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案(20)

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)?

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Questions 21 to 25 are

based on the following passage:?

We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money, but most mistakes are about people. “Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?” “When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?” “And Paul — why didn't I pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car?” When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it's too late.

Why do we go wrong about our friends — or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, “You're a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side? If he says, “You're a lucky guy” or “You're a lucky gal,” that's being friendly. But “lucky dog”? There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the “ dog” bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.?

“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.

How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says square with the tone of voice? His posture? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.

? 21.When the writer recalls the things that happened between him and his friends, he ____.

? A) feels happy, thinking of how nice his friends were to him

? B) feels he may not have “read” his friends' true feelings correctly

? C) thinks it was a mistake to view Jim as a friend

? D) is sorry that his friends let him down

? 22.By saying “You're a lucky dog.”, the speaker ____.

? A) is just being friendly

? B) expresses the same meaning as “You're a lucky guy.” or“You ' re a lucky gal.”

? C) is humorous to apply the word “dog” to people

? D) has a hidden jealous feeling behind the words

? 23.In listening to a person, the important thing is ____.

? A) to notice his tone, his posture, and the look in his eye

? B) to listen to how he pronounces his words

? C) to check his words against his manner, his tone of voice, and his posture

? D) not to believe what he says

? 24.If you followed the advice of the writer, you would ____.

? A) weigh carefully what people say to determine their real meaning

? B) get along well with people

? C) trust what other people say

? D) have no doubts about our friends

? 25.This passage tries to tell you how to ____.

? A) avoid mistakes about both money and people

? B) say things elegantly

? C) avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell you

? D) keep people friendly without trusting them

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:

Sleep is part of a person's daily activity cycle. There are several different stages of sleep, and they too occur in cycles. If you are an average sleeper,your sleep cycle is as follows. When you first drift off into slumber (安睡), y our eyes will roll about a bit, your temperature will drop slightly, your muscles will relax, and your breathing were slow and become quite regular. Your brain waves slow down a bit too, with the alpha rhythm of rather fast waves predominating for the first few minutes. This is called stage 1 sleep. For the next half hour or so, as you relax more and more, you will drift down through stage 2 and stage 3 sleep. The lower your stage of sleep, the slower your brain waves will be. Then about 40 to 60 minutes after you lose consciousness you will have reached the deepest sleep of all. Your brain waves will show the large slow waves that are known as the delta rhythm. This is stage 4 sleep.

You do not remain at this deep fourth stage all night long, but instead about 80 minutes after you fall into slumber, your brain activity level will increase again slightly. The delta rhythm will disappear, to be replaced by the activity pattern of brain waves. Your eyes will begin to dart around under your closed eyelids (眼皮) as if you were looking at something occurring in front of you. This period of rapid eye movement lasts for some 8 to 15 minutes and is called REM sleep. It is during REM sleep period, your body will soon relax again, your breathing will grow slow and regular once more, and you will slip gently back from stage 1 to stage 4 sleep — only to rise once again to the surface of near consciousness some 80 minutes later.

? 26.The stages of sleep take on ____.

? A) an irregular aspect.

? B) a regular aspect

? C) a punctual aspect

? D) a similar aspect

? 27.Stage 4 sleep lasts ____.

? A) about 80 minutes

? B) about 40?60 minutes

? C) about 30 munutes

? D) about 20?40 minutes

? 28.The brain waves are the slowest during ____.

? A) stage 1 ?C) stage 4

? B) stage 2 and stage 3 ?

D) REM sleep

? 29.In the second paragraph the word “dart” means ____.

? A) glare ?C) stop moving

? B) move rapidly or suddenly ?D) gaze

? 30.One of the features of REM sleep is that ____.

? A) there are large slow waves, though rapid for the first few minutes

? B) you have the deepest sleep

? C) there are no brain waves

? D) the brain waves are a little fast and the brain becomes a little active

答案

Part Ⅱ

? 1

?短文大意?

? 本文与我们日常生活关系十分密切。在与人交谈时,应该体会说话者真正的意思,而不应该只看表面意思,否则会造成误解。看一看说话者的表情、眼神、说话的腔调,以及站立(或坐)的姿势,看看这些是否与其语言相符合,这样将会避免误解。

? 21.答案B。

?【参考译文】 作者回忆起与他的朋友之间发生的事情,他会……

?【试题分析】 此题考查对第一段的理解。

?【详细解答】 第一段倒数第二句说:“当我们回顾往事时,象这样的疑惑 (即猜不透他人的真正意思 )会使我们感到糟糕。”据此以及第一段中的往事可推知当他回忆他和朋友之间发生的几件事时,他感到可能没有觉察出朋友们对他的真正感情,故 B正确。

? 22.答案D。

?【参考译文】 有人说“ You're a lucky dog.”时,他真正的含义是……

?【试题分析】 此题考查结合上下文对句子的理解。

?【详细解答】 第二段的倒数第四句说 lucky dog“有点嫉妒之意”,因“dog”有点贬低人,故 D正确而C错。而“You're a lucky guy.”or“You're a lucky gal.”却表示友好之意,故A和B皆错。

? 23.答案C。

?【参考译文】 听人说话时,重要的是把他所说的与他的表情、语调、姿势相对照。

?【试题分析】 此题考查对最后一段的理解。

?【详细解答】 见最后一段开头的几个问句。

? 24.答案A。

?【参考译文】 要是你接受作者的建议,你会怎么做。

?【试题分析】 此题考查对全文主旨的理解。

?【详细解答】 由最后两句话可知,作者建议我们仔细掂量以确定对方的真正含义,所以应选 A。

?【作者建议】此题也可用排除法。

? 25.答案C。

?【参考译文】 本文力图告诉你如何避免误解别人对你讲的话。

?【试题分析】 此题考查对作者写作意图的了解。

?【详细解答】 文章第一段举例说明我们在领会他人真正的意思上犯有错误, 接着举例说明人们所说的话是怎样掩盖了他们真正的意思,最后一段告诉我们如何领会他人的真正意思。全文都是围绕“如何领会他人暗含之意”展开的,据此可推知 C正确。?

2

?短文大意?

? 本文所涉及的是关于睡眠的几个阶段及其在各处阶段的具体表现。一般睡眠经历四个时相(阶段)的循环,第一时相即刚入睡时,眼球运动较频繁,体温略有下降,肌肉松弛,呼吸减慢而更有规律。大脑波减慢在开始的几分钟之内以频率很高的快波为主,接着的半小时左右,从第二时相进入第三时相睡眠,身体更放松,然后再过40至60分钟会进入最深睡眠,即第四时相。第四时相的深度睡眠并不持续整个晚上,安睡80分钟后,大脑活动又会轻微加强,眼球开始在眼皮底下转动,这一阶段持续8——15分钟,称为快波睡眠,身体迅速放松,睡眠会又一次由第一时相到第四时相,80分钟之后再次回到即将醒来的状态。

? 26.答案B。

?【参考译文】 睡眠的几个阶段呈现出……

?【试题分析】 此题为理解题。

?【详细解答】 文章的第二句告诉我们睡眠的不同阶段是周期性发生的,故睡眠的各阶段呈现规则的一面。

? 27.答案D。

?【参考译文】 第四阶段 (时相)睡眠持续时间为……

?【试题分析】 此题为推理题。

?【详细解答】 根据文章可知一个睡眠周期大约是 80分钟,而stage 4 sleep是睡眠的最后阶段,它发生在入睡后大约40至60分钟时,据此可推出stage 4 sleep持续20至40分钟。

? 28.答案C。

?【参考译文】 脑电波在哪个阶段最慢 ?

?【试题分析】 此题为细节推理题。

?【详细解答】 文章第一段倒数第四句说“睡得越深,脑电波就越慢”,而 stage 4 sleep是睡得最深的,故脑电波也是最慢的。

? 29.答案B。

?【参考译文】 第二段中“ dart”一词意为……

?【试题分析】 此题考查考生根据上下文推测单词意义的能力。

?【详细解答】 dart的后文说“眼睛好像看着发生在眼前的事”,又说“这种快速移动眼睛的阶段叫 REM sleep”,据此可知dart意为move quickly or suddenly(飞快地移动)。glare怒目而视;gaze凝视。

? 30.答案D。

?【参考译文】 快波睡眠的特点之一是……

?【试题分析】 此题考查细节推理能力。

?【详细解答】 从第二段第一、二句可知大脑运动水平会再度略有提高,而 delta波消失,取代的是脑电波运动图形。据此可知脑电波变得快了一点,大脑活跃些。而大的缓波和睡得最深是 stage 4 sleep的特征,rapid for the first few minutes是stage 1 sleep的特征,整个睡眠阶段都是有脑电波的,故A,B和C皆错。

?【作者建议】此题可用排除法。